Lapho ngikhulisa inja, ngikholelwa ukuthi abanikazi bezilwane eziningi bacindezeleke kakhulu. Hlobo luni lweukudla kwenjaingabe ifaneleka kakhulu izinja? Ake ngikufundise ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani ukudla kwenja okuhle!
1, Khethaukudla kwenjangokusekelwe eqenjini lobudala
Ukudla kwezinja ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu: ukudla komdlwane, ukudla kwenja yabantu abadala, nokudla kwezinja eziphezulu. Kunomehluko emandleni okumunca kanye nezidingo zokudla okunempilo kwezinja zeminyaka eyahlukene. Uma zonke izinja ziphakelwa uhlobo olulodwa lokudla kwezinja, zingase zihlupheke ngenxa yokungondleki kahle noma ukungondleki ngokweqile.
Ukudla komdlwane: kulungele imidlwane elunyuliwe kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezi-3 ubudala
Ukudla kwenja yabantu abadala: kulungele izinja ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-8 ubudala
Qaphela: Izinja ezincane zinesikhathi sokuqala se-estrus futhi zingadla ukudla kwenja yabantu abadala kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-8 kuye kweziyi-10 ubudala. Izinja ezimaphakathi nezinkulu zinesikhathi se-estrus sekwephuzile futhi zingadla ukudla kwenja yabantu abadala kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-10 kuya kowonyaka ubudala.
2,Okusanhlamvu okungasanhlamvu, okudayisayo, kanye nezinhlamvu zemvelo
Kukhona ingqikithi yezigaba ezimbili zokudla kwezinja emakethe: okungekho okusanhlamvu kanye nemvelo Ngakho-ke yiluphi uhlobo lokudla kwezinja olufaneleka kakhulu ezinja? Ngezansi, ngizoyihlaziyela wonke umuntu.
1. Okusanhlamvu
Isici sokudla okungenanhlamvu, njengencazelo yakho yangempela, ukuthi ukudla kwenja akuqukethe noma yiziphi izingxenye zokusanhlamvu futhi esikhundleni salokho kusebenzisa ezinye izitshalo zamanzi e-carbon-water, izithelo, nemifino, njengobhontshisi namazambane, ukuze kuthathe indawo yezinhlamvu ezine-gluten. njengamabele.
Izinzuzo zokudla ukudla okungenazinhlamvu:
(1) Yehlisa ubungozi bokungezwani nokusanhlamvu ezinjeni ezithile futhi wenze kube lula ukumunca
(2) Kungavimbela ngokuphumelelayo izinja ekubhekaneni nama-spikes kungazelelwe emazingeni kashukela egazini ngemva kokudla futhi kuvimbele ukukhuluphala.
(3) Akulula ukudala izinkinga zamathumbu
2. Izinhlamvu zemvelo
Ukudla kwenja yemvelo kuwuhlobo lokudla ngaphandle kwezivimbelakuvunda ezingeziwe ezifana nama-antibiotics, amahomoni, izingulube zokwenziwa, nama-synthetic inducers. Impahla yemvelo yokudla kwenja ivela emvelweni, enomsoco ocebile kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokumunca.
Izinzuzo zokudla okusanhlamvu kwemvelo:
(1) Kungathuthukisa amasosha omzimba enja.
(2) Thuthukisa ukuqina komzimba futhi andise ubude besikhathi sokuphila.
(3) iphephe ngokuphelele futhi inomsoco.
3, Ungakhetha kanjani ukudla okuhle kwenja?
1. Bheka uhlu lwezithako
Ngokwezindinganiso zikazwelonke, uhlu lwezithako zokudla ngakunye kufanele luhlungwe ngesisindo, kuqalwe ngalolo olunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu.
(1) Eyokuqala kufanele kube inyama
Ukudla kwezinja kuyingxube yenyama nezitshalo, kodwa ikakhulukazi inyama. Uma inyama ibhalwe ukuthi yenkukhu, eyenkomo, noma inhlanzi, lokho kubonisa ukuthi ukudla kwenja okunjalo kuwukudla kwezinja okuhle.
Amanye amabhizinisi, ukuze afihle amaphutha ekudleni kwezinja, avele abhale ngezinkukhu nenyama engazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwenyama!
(2) Ingxenye ephawuliwe yezinto ezingavuthiwe
Uhlu lwesithako sokudla kwezinja kufanele kube nengxenye yezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ngokudla kwenja okutholakala esidlangalaleni, kufanele kubonise ukuwethemba umkhiqizo futhi kubonise ukuzimisela ukwamukela ukugadwa. Izithako eziningi zilungele ukudla kwezinja.
2. Bheka ukuhlaziywa kwesithako
(1) Amaprotheni aluhlaza
Ukudla kwasekhaya kunezindinganiso zikazwelonke, futhi amazinga angaphakathi aphansi kakhulu. Ukudla kwenja okubi kakhulu nakho kudinga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ngaphakathi, ezinjeni ezindala ≥ 18% kanye nemidlwane ≥ 22%.
Amakati awanazo izidingo zamaprotheni aphezulu njengamakati, kodwa uma izinja zisebenzisa amaprotheni amancane kakhulu, zingathinta ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwazo. Uma izinja zisebenzisa amaprotheni amaningi, zingabangela umthwalo omkhulu kokubili kwesibindi nezinso, okuholela esifweni sesibindi kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso.
Ngakho-ke lapho ukhetha ukudla kwezinja kwezinja, okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-22% no-35%.
(2) Amafutha aluhlaza
"Amafutha aluhlaza" ekudleni kwezinja, ngokuvamile aziwa ngokuthi "okuqukethwe uwoyela," angasiza izinja ukuvikela isikhumba nezinwele zazo futhi akhuthaze ukumuncwa kwevithamini ADE encibilika ngamafutha, kodwa akufanele abe ngokweqile.
Okuqukethwe kwamafutha aluhlaza okujwayelekile ≥ 5.0% ezinjeni ezindala futhi ≥ 8.0% emidlwaneni.
Ngokuvamile, ukukhetha ukudla kwenja okunamafutha aphakathi kwanele, ngebanga elijwayelekile lika-13% kuya ku-18%. Izinja ezinamafutha amaningi zingakhula kalula isibindi esinamafutha, i-pancreatitis, indle ethambile, nokukhuluphala.
(3) Umlotha oqinile
Umlotha oqinile uyingxenye engeke igwenywe inqubo yamanje lapho zonke izinto eziphilayo zishiswa futhi zifakwe i-oxidized esithandweni sokushisa esiphezulu esingu-550-600 °C ngamasampula okudla kwezinja.
Okuqukethwe komlotha oqinile ekudleni kwezinja okujwayelekile kungu-≤ 10%.
ukudla kwenja okusezingeni eliphezulu nokuphephile okunomlotha omahhadlahhadla ongeqile ku-10%. Isizathu sokusetha inkomba yokuqukethwe komlotha oqinile ukuvimbela abathengisi abangathembekile ekungezeni izithako ezingabizi kakhulu, ezingenamsoco ekudleni kwezinja.
(4) Imicu engahluziwe
I-fiber iyisakhi esiyinhloko sezindonga zamaseli ezitshalo, okuhlanganisa i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, i-lignin, ne-keratin. Izinja ziyi-omnivores, futhi ukudla inani elifanele lokudla okuqukethe i-fiber eqinile kuyazuzisa.
Imicu ingamunca amanzi futhi ikhulise ukusutha kwenja.
I-fiber ingashukumisa i-peristalsis yamathumbu, isize izinja ngokuqunjelwa ukuze zikwazi ukuzikhulula, futhi yenze uhlelo lwazo lokugaya lube bushelelezi.
Inani le-fiber engahluziwe ekudleni kwezinja okujwayelekile kukazwelonke ngu-≤ 9%.
(5) I-chloride encibilika emanzini
I-chloride encibilikayo emanzini, eyaziwa nangokuthi okuqukethwe kukasawoti, idinga ukuthi izinja zidle isilinganiso esithile sikasawoti nsuku zonke kodwa akufanele zidliwe ngokweqile; ngaphandle kwalokho, kungaholela kalula ezinkingeni ezifana neziklebhu nezinwele ezimahhadlahhadla.
Okuqukethwe kwe-chloride encibilikayo okujwayelekile kazwelonke kungu-≥ 0.09% ezinjeni ezindala kanye ≥ 0.45% kumidlwane.
(6) Isilinganiso se-calcium-phosphorus
Isilinganiso se-calcium-phosphorus silinganiselwa ku-1:1 kuya ku-2:1, nesilinganiso esilungile sika-1.2:1.
Izinga eliphansi lamazinga kazwelonke yileli:
I-calcium ≥ 0.6% (izinja ezindala), i-calcium ≥ 1.0% (imidlwane), ingqikithi ye-phosphorus ≥ 0.5% (izinja ezindala), ingqikithi ye-phosphorus ≥ 0.8% (imidlwane)
3. Hlola umbiko wokuhlolwa
Lapho ukhetha ukudla kwezinja, ukudla kwekati okufanelekayo kuphela kungakhethwa ngokubheka uhlu lwezithako kanye nohlu lwezithako. Ukuthola ukudla kwenja okungcono, amabhizinisi kufanele anikeze umbiko wokuhlola ukudla kwenja. Imikhiqizo emincane inamandla okulawula ikhwalithi abuthakathaka futhi ijwayele izinkinga zekhwalithi, njengezithako zokudla okunomsoco ezisezingeni eliphansi kanye nokutholwa ngokweqile kwe-Aspergillus flavus.
Ngakho-ke le mikhiqizo emincane ngokuvamile ayilokothi idalule imibiko yokuhlola futhi kufanele izame ukukhetha ukudla kwezinja ngolwazi oluphezulu sobala kanye nemibiko yokuhlola.
Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ekudleni kwezinja nazo zizobonakala, zenze izinja zizizwe zikhululeke kakhudlwana lapho zidla.
